Antiochos III was king of Commagene from 12 BC to 17 AD. He was the son and successor of King Mithridates III of Commagene and Iotapa, and of mixed Armenian, Greek and Median descent--the last through his mother. His parents were first cousins.
Very little is known on his life and his reign as King. When Antiochus died in 17 AD, his death created major issues for the kingdom, which was in political turmoil at the time. The reasons for this situation are unclear, but it may have been the consequence of his children, Antiochos and Iotapa, being too young to succeed their father. This may have meant that there was no effective authority to prevent civil unrest and unite the citizens of Commagene.
Two factions appeared: one led by noblemen who wanted Commagene to be placed under the rule of the Roman Empire and the other led by citizens who wanted Commagene's independence to be retained under the rule of their own king. Both factions sent embassies to Rome, seeking the advice and assistance of Emperor Tiberius to decide the future of Commagene. Tiberius decided to make Commagene a part of the Roman province of Syria. Commagene thus remained under Roman rule until Caligula restored the kingdom to Antiochos’ children in 38 AD.
Very little is known on his life and his reign as King. When Antiochus died in 17 AD, his death created major issues for the kingdom, which was in political turmoil at the time. The reasons for this situation are unclear, but it may have been the consequence of his children, Antiochos and Iotapa, being too young to succeed their father. This may have meant that there was no effective authority to prevent civil unrest and unite the citizens of Commagene.
Two factions appeared: one led by noblemen who wanted Commagene to be placed under the rule of the Roman Empire and the other led by citizens who wanted Commagene's independence to be retained under the rule of their own king. Both factions sent embassies to Rome, seeking the advice and assistance of Emperor Tiberius to decide the future of Commagene. Tiberius decided to make Commagene a part of the Roman province of Syria. Commagene thus remained under Roman rule until Caligula restored the kingdom to Antiochos’ children in 38 AD.
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